And, inclusive or and exclusive or
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Log in to continueEstimate event probabilities from observed two-way counts without double-counting overlap.
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The table records observed events. Estimate P(inclusive or: A or B or both) from relative frequency.
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Table. A, 2, 3; Not A, 2, 5
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Answer: 7/12
- There are 12 observations.
- Include the overlap once for inclusive or; exclude it for exclusive or.
- The required count is 7, so the estimate is 7/12.
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Curriculum reference
Victorian Curriculum F–10 Version 2.0
Pi Leo practice scope
Estimate event probabilities from observed two-way counts without double-counting overlap.
Read the official VCAA curriculum description (VC2M9P02)
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- Supported by the guided activity; selecting an MCQ does not demonstrate this action.
- Supported by the guided activity; selecting an MCQ does not demonstrate this action.
- VC2M9P02-C01Use A or B to include observations in either event, including both.
- VC2M9P02-C02Collect and represent observations to estimate joint and inclusive events.
- VC2M9P02-C03Exclude observations where both events happen.
- VC2M9P02-C04Interpret observed relative frequencies for contrasting event definitions.
- VC2M9P02-C05Apply and explain and, inclusive or and exclusive or using read and connect representations.
- VC2M9P02-C06Apply and explain and, inclusive or and exclusive or using work backwards from what is known.
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Subskills
These practice subskills map to the curriculum topic. Guided activities cover skills beyond multiple-choice questions.
Descriptor-derived subskills
- D01Include both as wellUse A or B to include observations in either event, including both.
- D02Exactly one eventExclude observations where both events happen.
- D03Read and connect representationsApply and explain and, inclusive or and exclusive or using read and connect representations.
- D04Work backwards from what is knownApply and explain and, inclusive or and exclusive or using work backwards from what is known.