1. What does distributed quantum computing mean within this course?Any calculation split into independent quantum jobsDuplicating every unknown qubit across several machinesA quantum computation spanning connected modules using suitable quantum resources and classical coordinationSending only finished classical answers between otherwise independent jobs

2. Two processors run unrelated circuits and a classical computer combines their measured outputs. What follows?This alone does not establish a shared coherent quantum computation.Their data qubits must now be entangled.Their combined task must be twice as fast.A quantum link is automatically created by combining the files.

3. What is a module in the architecture described here?One complete network spanning every processorA Bell pair shared between separate nodesA photon travelling through a cableA local quantum processing unit with qubits and control hardware

4. Which is a reasonable motivation for modular construction?It removes every communication cost.It may make small processors easier to build and control while connecting them for larger tasks.It guarantees linear speedup whenever a module is added.It avoids the need for quantum error management.

5. Which item is naturally sent over the classical control channel?An unknown qubit state with all its amplitudes intactA perfect duplicate of an arbitrary data qubitA detector’s success report encoded as ordinary dataEntanglement itself as a classical text string

6. What distinguishes a quantum link by function?It supports quantum information transfer or remote entanglement generation.It is any fibre connection carrying conventional digital messages.It transmits a chosen message using entanglement alone.It converts a measured bit back into every possible unknown input state.

7. Why are photons useful in optical quantum links?They preserve a stored matter qubit’s state without any interface.They can carry quantum information between locations through suitable optical channels.They remove all transmission loss.They make classical coordination instantaneous.

8. What is the typical role of a network qubit?Recording only classical outcomes after the computation endsReplacing every data qubit in every architectureMaking link generation succeed on every attemptInterfacing with a quantum link to help establish remote entanglement

9. What is the role of a data or circuit qubit?To carry quantum information used by the computationTo guarantee every photon is detectedTo replace every classical control messageTo provide a perfect backup of an unknown network qubit

10. Why is storing a measurement result in a classical file different from using a quantum memory?A classical file keeps relative phase whenever the measured value is 0.A quantum memory stores only the final classical measurement outcome.A quantum memory preserves quantum information; a file preserves the classical readout already obtained.A classical measurement result uniquely specifies the original arbitrary state.

11. Which statement about network, data and memory roles is accurate?They always require exactly three different atomic species.Every processor must have one qubit of each role and no others.A memory role makes hardware immune to errors.They are functional roles that different architectures can implement differently.

12. What is a herald in remote entanglement generation?A complete readout of an unknown data stateA classical signal indicating a selected successful protocol eventA promise that all future attempts succeedA permanent physical copy of each network qubit

13. A controller receives a valid success herald. What should it avoid assuming?That a classical event has been reportedThat the next protocol may now use the resourceThat the heralded entangled pair must be perfectly error-freeThat the network generation attempt has been labelled successful

14. Why can repeated unsuccessful network attempts still matter to stored data?They automatically clone the stored data.Their waiting time can allow quantum memory errors to accumulate.They convert the data into an unlimited classical archive.They guarantee the next entanglement attempt succeeds.

15. In a drawn chain A—B—C, which nodes have a direct physical link in that schematic?Every pair of nodesOnly A and COnly B and CA with B, and B with C

16. What is a star topology?Several outer nodes connected to a central nodeEvery node connected directly to every other nodeA single chain with two endpointsA ring in which each node links to two neighbours

17. A schematic shows a solid quantum line and a dashed classical line. What does this establish by itself?An exact link error rateThe functions assigned to the connections by the diagram’s legendA measured advantage over all classical computersA known distance and communication latency

18. Why can measuring data qubit c and sending that bit fail to replace a coherent remote gate involving c?Classical bits cannot travel between modules.Measurement always creates a second copy of c.A classical file necessarily preserves all of c’s amplitudes.The measurement can remove quantum information needed for the joint operation.

19. What does the cited two-module optical-link experiment support?That a small experiment can use remote entanglement and classical coordination for distributed quantum gatesThat every large distributed quantum computer is already error-freeThat optical entanglement requires no local gatesThat every remote gate is faster than a local gate

20. Which question is most useful when planning a cross-module operation?Can every remote gate be assigned the same cost as a local gate?Can all classical messages be omitted once any pair is entangled?Which quantum resources, memory time and classical messages must be ready?Can the unknown data state be copied into a text file first?

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